MANJU EVELYN BI TIMA1,3*, ACHE NEH TEKE2, CLAUTILDA TENGU ATANGA1 & NKWATOH THERESE NCHEUVEU4
1 Department of Crop Production Technology, College of Technology, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
2 Department of Biology, Higher Teacher Training College, University of Bamenda, Cameroon
3 Catholic University of Cameroon (CATUC) Bamenda, School of Tropical Agriculture and Natural Resources (STANR), Bamenda, Cameroon
4 CRESA, Foret Bois, University of Dschang, Cameroon
*Corresponding author: manjuevy22@yahoo.com, +237677434117
Received: 17 April 2025, Reviewed: 09 June 2025, Revised: 20 June 2025, Accepted: 19 July 2025, Published: 04 September 2025
https://doi.org/10.63342/cjbbs2025.33.016.eng
ABSTRACT
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the essential leguminous vegetable crops grown in Cameroon mainly for its economic and nutritional values. Its productivity is highly limited by Angular leaf spot caused by the fungus Phaeoisariopsis griseola (Sacc.). This study evaluated the effects of two plant extracts (ginger and neem oil aqueous solution) in the control of angular leaf spot disease for four varieties of beans (GLP 190 C, PNN, ECAPAN 021, and GL22) in two seasons (July â November 2021 and March â July 2022). The trials were carried out at the teaching and research farm in the University of Bamenda campus, in the North-West region of Cameroon. The experimental field design was a randomized complete block design of four treatments replicated three times on four varieties of beans. The data on disease incidence, disease severity, pod weight, and the number of pods were collected for the four beans varieties. The results obtained for disease incidence, severity, and yield revealed differences at pâ€0.05 amongst the different treatments in different fields. The highest mean disease incidence (95 %), severity (4.25), and low yield (4 pods weighing 0.3 grams) were observed in both seasons in untreated plots (T0) in all varieties. The treated plots recorded the lowest average disease severity of (1), incidence (10 %), and high yields (16 pods weighing 6.8 grams). Disease incidence for treated plots with ginger aqueous extract (T2) and neem oil aqueous solution (T1) recorded a relatively lower mean disease incidence (20 %). Treatment with neem oil aqueous solution showed a low disease incidence (10 %) at week 3 for the PNN variety. Disease severity rate for plots treated with neem oil aqueous solution (T1) had the lowest mean value of 1.2 for medino long (GLP 190C) and PNN varieties at week four, while ginger aqueous extract (T2) showed an infection of 1.5. The pod weights revealed the highest mean weight of 6.8 grams for plots treated with neem oil aqueous solution for PNN (black bean), while GL22 and GLP 190C (medino long) had the lowest mean of 0.2 grams in season one. From this study, ginger aqueous extract could therefore be recommended as a biocontrol pesticide against angular leaf spot disease of bean in the dry season and neem oil aqueous solution in the rainy season.
Key words: Angular leaf spot disease, beans, biocontrol, plant extracts, yield.
RĂSUMĂ
Le haricot (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) est une lĂ©gumineuse essentielle cultivĂ©e au Cameroun, principalement pour ses valeurs Ă©conomiques et nutritionnelles. Sa productivitĂ© est fortement limitĂ©e par la tache angulaire des feuilles cause par le champignon Phaeoisariopsis griseola (Sacc.) griseola (Sacc.). Cette Ă©tude a Ă©valuĂ© l’effet de deux extraits de plantes antimicrobiens (gingembre et huile de neem) dans la lutte contre la maladie des taches angulaires en utilisant quatre variĂ©tĂ©s de haricot (GLP 190 C, PNN, ECAPAN 021 et GL22) pendant deux saisons (juillet-novembre 2021 et mars-juillet 2022). Les essais ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©s dans le champ d’enseignement et de recherche du campus de l’UniversitĂ© de Bamenda, region du Nord-Ouest Cameroun. Le dispositif expĂ©rimental en blocs randomisĂ©s complets de quatre traitements rĂ©pĂ©tĂ©s trois fois sur quatre variĂ©tĂ©s de haricots Ă©tait utilisĂ©. Les donnĂ©es sur l’incidence et la gravitĂ© de la maladie, le poids et le nombre de gousses ont Ă©tĂ© collectĂ©es. Les rĂ©sultats obtenus concernant l’incidence, la gravitĂ© et le rendement de la maladie ont rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© des diffĂ©rences significatives Ă p †0,05 entre les diffĂ©rents traitements des diffĂ©rentes parcelles. L’incidence moyenne de la maladie la plus Ă©levĂ©e (95 %), la gravitĂ© (4,25) et le faible rendement (4 gousses pesant 0,3 gramme) ont Ă©tĂ© observĂ©s au cours des deux saisons, dans les parcelles non traitĂ©es (T0) pour toutes les variĂ©tĂ©s. Les parcelles traitĂ©es ont enregistrĂ© la gravitĂ© moyenne de la maladie la plus faible (1), une faible incidence (10 %) et les rendements Ă©levĂ©s (16 gousses pesant 6,8 grammes). L’incidence de la maladie pour les parcelles traitĂ©es avec de l’extrait de gingembre (T2) et de l’huile de neem (T1) a Ă©tĂ© relativement plus faible (20 %). Le traitement avec la solution acqueuse dâhuile de neem a montrĂ© une faible incidence de la maladie (10 %) Ă la 3e semaine pour la variĂ©tĂ© PNN. Le taux de gravitĂ© de la maladie pour les parcelles traitĂ©es avec la solution acqueuse dâhuile de neem (T1) avait la valeur moyenne la plus basse de 1,2 pour les variĂ©tĂ©s medino long (GLP 190C) et PNN Ă la 4e semaine, tandis que l’extrait de gingembre (T2) a montrĂ© une infection de 1,5. Les poids des gousses ont rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© la moyenne la plus Ă©levĂ©e avec un poids moyen maximal de 6,8 grammes pour les parcelles traitĂ©es Ă l’huile de neem pour le haricot noir (PNN), tandis que GL22 et GLP C 190 (haricots longs) prĂ©sentaient le poids moyen le plus faible de 0,2 gramme la premiĂšre saison. De cette Ă©tude, lâextrait aqueux de gingembre pourrait donc ĂȘtre recommandĂ© comme pesticide de biocontrĂŽle contre la maladie des taches angulaires du haricot en saison sĂšche et l’huile de neem en saison des pluies.
Mots clés : Maladie des taches angulaires, haricots, bio contrÎle, extraits de plantes, rendement.
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